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Primaquine diphosphate is an antimalarial drug used to control the recurrence of vivax malaria and quartan malaria and the spread of falciparum malaria.
Primaquine diphosphate has a strong killing effect on malaria parasites in the infrared phase and gametophytes, and is an effective drug to prevent recurrence and interrupt transmission. The principle of antimalarial action of primaquine diphosphate is that its metabolites have oxidizing properties, interfere with the reduction process of pyridine nucleotide triphosphate in the infrared phase of the malaria parasite, affect the energy metabolism and respiration of the malaria parasite, and lead to death.
Items | Specifications | Results |
Appearance | Orange-red crystalline powder | Complies |
Identification | Complies | Complies |
Acidity | 2.5-3.5 | 2.9 |
Loss on drying | ≤0.5% | 0.04% |
Related substances(HPLC) | Impurity A≤0.6% Impurity B≤2.0% Impurity C≤0.5% Any other single impurity≤0.2% Total impurities≤3.0% | 0.22% 0.47% ND 0.01% 0.70% |
Residual solvent | Methanol≤3000ppm Ethanol ≤5000ppm Toluene ≤890ppm | 324ppm 4ppm 79ppm |
Microbial Limits | Total Aerobic count≤1000CFU/g Moulds and yeasts ≤100CFU/g | ＜10CFU/g ＜10CFU/g |
Assay(On dried) | 97.0%~102.0% | 99.8% |
Conclusion | The product conforms to the above specifications. | |
| Product parameters | |
| Cas number: | 63-45-6 |
| Appearance: | Orange-red crystalline power |
| Purity: | 98.5%min |
| Package details: | 1kg/foil bag; 25kg/drum |
| Brand: | Fortunachem |
Primaquine diphosphate is the phosphate salt form of primaquine, an antimalarial medication. It is commonly used in the treatment and prevention of certain types of malaria, particularly those caused by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale. The diphosphate salt improves the drug’s stability and solubility for pharmaceutical use.
Chemical & Pharmaceutical Background
Active moiety: Primaquine
Salt form: Diphosphate (two phosphate groups)
Class: 8-aminoquinoline derivative
Administration: Oral (tablets)
Primary Medical Uses
1. Radical Cure of P. vivax and P. ovale Malaria
These malaria parasites can form dormant liver stages called hypnozoites, which can reactivate weeks or months after the initial infection, causing relapses.
Primaquine is the only widely available drug that eliminates these hypnozoites from the liver, providing a "radical cure" (complete eradication of the parasite).
It is typically given after a blood-stage treatment like chloroquine or artemisinin-based therapy.
2. Prevention of Relapse
A full course (usually 14 days) of primaquine diphosphate prevents future relapses in patients infected with P. vivax or P. ovale.
3. Transmission Blocking in P. falciparum Malaria
Primaquine can kill gametocytes (sexual forms of the malaria parasite) in P. falciparum, reducing transmission to mosquitoes.
A single low dose (0.25 mg/kg) is often added to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) in public health programs to block spread, especially in elimination campaigns.
Important Considerations & Warnings
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