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Trilaurin (C₃₉H₇₄O₆) is a saturated triglyceride composed of glycerol esterified with three lauric acid (C12) chains.
Key Properties:
White crystalline solid, melts at 46°C.
Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents.
Stable against oxidation.
Natural Sources:
Abundant in coconut oil (≈20%) and palm kernel oil.
Applications:
Food: Emulsifier in chocolate/fats, energy source.
Cosmetics: Skin-conditioning emollient in lotions.
Biotech: Substrate for lipase enzyme assays.
Industry: Biodegradable lubricant base.
Safety:
GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) by FDA.
Non-toxic, biodegradable.
Trilaurin (also known as glycerol trilaurate or lauroyl triglyceride) is a saturated triglyceride derived from glycerol and lauric acid. Here's a concise chemical profile:
Formula: C₃₉H₇₄O₆
IUPAC Name: 1,2,3-Tris(dodecanoyloxy)propane
Structure: Glycerol backbone esterified with three lauric acid (C12:0 fatty acid) chains:
Molecular Weight: 639.0 g/mol
Appearance: White crystalline solid or powder.
Melting Point: ~46-47°C (semi-solid at room temperature).
Hydrophobic: Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents (ethanol, chloroform).
Energy Source: Hydrolyzes to glycerol + lauric acid via lipases (biological energy reserve).
Stable: Resists oxidation due to saturated fatty acids.
Abundant in coconut oil (≈20%), palm kernel oil, and human breast milk.
Industrially synthesized by esterification of glycerol with lauric acid.
Food Industry:
Emulsifier in chocolates/confectionery.
Fat substitute in low-calorie foods.
Cosmetics:
Emollient in creams/lotions (improves skin barrier).
Thickener for ointments.
Biochemical Research:
Model substrate for lipase enzyme studies.
Standard in lipid analytics (chromatography).
Industrial Lubricants:
Base for biodegradable greases.
CAS Number: 538-24-9
Safety: Non-toxic (GRAS status); biodegradable.
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