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Prohexadione Calcium (C₁₀H₁₀CaO₅; MW 250.3 g/mol) is a plant growth regulator used to control excessive vegetative growth.
Structure: Calcium salt of prohexadione acid (3,5-dioxo-4-propionylcyclohexanecarboxylate).
Mechanism:
Inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis by blocking *3β-hydroxylase* enzyme → reduces stem elongation.
Applications:
Prevents lodging in cereals (wheat, barley, rice).
Controls shoot growth in fruit trees (apples, pears) and turfgrass.
Benefits:
Enhances crop stability/yield; low toxicity (LD₅₀ >5,000 mg/kg).
Biodegradable; replaced older, less selective regulators (e.g., chlormequat).
Trade Names: Apogee® (fruit), Viviful® (rice).
Prohexadione Calcium (C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>10</sub>CaO<sub>5</sub>; MW 250.27 g/mol) is a plant growth regulator used in agriculture. Here's its chemical profile:
Structure:
Calcium salt of prohexadione acid (3,5-dioxo-4-propionylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid).
Core: 1,3-cyclohexanedione with propionyl (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>C=O) and carboxylic acid groups.
Formula:
C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>10</sub>CaO<sub>5</sub> (or [C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>11</sub>O<sub>5</sub>]<sup>−</sup>Ca<sup>2+</sup>).
Inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis:
Blocks 3β-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in GA<sub>1</sub> (active gibberellin) production → reduces stem elongation.
Anti-lodging effect: Strengthens stems, improves crop resilience.
| Crop | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Cereals | Prevents lodging (wheat, barley, rice). |
| Fruit Trees | Controls vegetative growth (apples, pears). |
| Turfgrass | Reduces mowing frequency. |
Low toxicity (LD<sub>50</sub> >5,000 mg/kg in rats).
Biodegradable: Rapidly breaks down in soil/plants.
Prohexadione Calcium (C₁₀H₁₀CaO₅; MW 250.27 g/mol) is a plant growth regulator formulated as the calcium salt of prohexadione acid. It works by inhibiting gibberellin biosynthesis (via blockade of 3β-hydroxylase), reducing stem elongation and improving crop stability. Key applications include:
Preventing lodging in cereals (wheat, rice).
Controlling excessive growth in fruit trees (apples/pears) and turf.
Compared to older retardants (e.g., chlormequat), it offers targeted action and lower environmental impact. Registered under trade names like Apogee® (fruit trees) and Viviful® (rice). Degrades to non-toxic metabolites within weeks.
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