Name: China Supplier High Quality Fructo oligosaccharide CAS 308066-66-2
Brand: Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co., Ltd.

Items	Specifications	Results
Appearance	White to slightly yellowish powder or granules	White Powder
Assay(g/100g)	≥95.0	96.6
PH	4.0-7.0	6.3
Water content(%)	≤5.0	2.81
total plate count (CFU/g)	≤1000	＜10
E.Coli (CFU/g)	≤10	＜10
Mold and Yeast(CFU/g)	≤25	＜10
Total Arsenic（mg/kg）	≤0.5	Conform
Lead（mg/kg）	≤0.5	Conform
Conclusion	The items inspected in this sample comply with GB/T23528.2

Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are a type of prebiotic dietary fiber composed of short chains of fructose (fruit sugar) molecules, typically with 2–10 units. They occur naturally in many plants and are also produced commercially for use as functional food ingredients and supplements.

Here's a detailed breakdown:

1. Chemical Structure & Sources

Structure: Short chains of fructose molecules linked by β(2→1) bonds, usually ending with a glucose molecule. Common forms include kestose (3 units), nystose (4 units), and fructosylnystose (5 units).
Natural Sources:
Vegetables: Chicory root (richest source), onions, garlic, asparagus, Jerusalem artichokes, leeks.
Fruits: Bananas (slightly unripe), tomatoes.
Grains: Wheat, barley, rye.
Other: Agave, honey.

2. Key Properties

Low Calorie: Provides ~1.5–2 kcal/g (vs. 4 kcal/g for sugar) since humans lack enzymes to digest β-bonds.
Sweetness: About 30–50% as sweet as sugar, with a clean taste.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
Prebiotic: Selectively fermented by beneficial gut bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli).

3. Health Benefits & Functions

Gut Health:
Feeds "good" bacteria, promoting their growth (bifidogenic effect).
Increases production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs like butyrate), which nourish colon cells and reduce inflammation.
May alleviate constipation by increasing stool bulk/softness.
Immune Support:
SCFAs strengthen gut barrier function and modulate immune responses.
May reduce risk of infections and allergies.
Mineral Absorption:
Enhances calcium and magnesium uptake in the colon (studies show improved bone density).
Blood Sugar & Lipid Control:
Low glycemic impact; may improve insulin sensitivity.
Modestly lowers LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.
Weight Management:
Promotes satiety and reduces calorie absorption.

4. Common Uses in Food & Supplements

Functional Foods: Added to yogurts, cereals, bars, and beverages for fiber content.
Infant Formula: Mimics prebiotics in breast milk (often combined with GOS).
Sweeteners/Sugar Replacers: In "sugar-free" products due to low calories.
Supplements: Sold as powders/capsules for gut health.

5. Safety & Side Effects

Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by the FDA.
Side Effects:
Gas, bloating, or cramps if consumed in excess (>10–15g/day). Start with small doses (2–3g/day).
May worsen symptoms in IBS sufferers (FOS are high-FODMAP carbs).
Contraindications:
Avoid in small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) or fructose intolerance.
Consult a doctor if immunocompromised (theoretical risk of bacterial translocation).

6. FOS vs. Other Prebiotics

Type	FOS	Inulin	GOS (Galacto-oligosaccharides)
Chain Length	Short (2–10 units)	Longer (>10 units)	Short (2–8 units)
Source	Chicory, onions, synthesized	Chicory, agave	Synthesized from lactose
Fermentation	Faster in proximal colon	Slower, reaches distal colon	Similar to FOS

Summary

FOS is a prebiotic fiber that boosts beneficial gut bacteria, supports digestion, immunity, and metabolic health. While safe for most people, introduce it gradually to avoid gas/bloating. It’s widely used in functional foods, supplements, and infant nutrition. If you have IBS or SIBO, use caution and consult a healthcare provider