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Dimethyl glutarate (DMG) is the dimethyl ester of glutaric acid (a 5-carbon dicarboxylic acid).
Key points:
Formula: C₇H₁₂O₄
Structure: Linear chain: CH₃OOC−(CH₂)₃−COOCH₃
Properties: Colorless liquid, mild odor, low water solubility.
Primary Uses:
Polymer synthesis: Key monomer for polyester polyols (used in polyurethanes, coatings, adhesives).
Plasticizer intermediate: Transesterified to longer-chain esters (e.g., for PVC).
Biodegradable solvent: In cleaners, coatings, and specialty applications.
Safety: Low acute toxicity, mild irritant, considered environmentally benign.
In short: A versatile, eco-friendly diester used mainly as a building block for polymers and plasticizers.
Dimethyl glutarate is the dimethyl ester of glutaric acid (pentanedioic acid), an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. Here's a concise chemical profile:
Chemical Formula: C₇H₁₂O₄
Structure:
CH₃O-C-(CH₂)₃-C-OCH₃
|| ||
O O
Features a linear 5-carbon chain (glutarate backbone) with a methyl ester group (–COOCH₃) at each end.
Systematic Name: Dimethyl pentanedioate
CAS Number: 1119-40-0
Key Properties:
Physical State: Colorless to pale yellow liquid.
Odor: Mild, fruity/ester odor.
Solubility: Low in water; miscible with common organic solvents (ethanol, acetone, ether).
Boiling Point: ~ 225-227 °C (760 mmHg).
Density: ~ 1.09 g/cm³.
Reactivity & Uses:
Polyesters and Polyamides (via polycondensation).
Plasticizers (e.g., through transesterification to longer-chain esters like di(2-ethylhexyl) glutarate).
Lubricants, Resins, and Adhesives.
Chemical Intermediate: Primarily used to synthesize:
Solvent: Used in coatings, cleaners, and specialty applications due to its solvency, low volatility, and biodegradability.
Electrolyte Additive: Explored in lithium-ion batteries.
Safety: Generally low acute toxicity (LD50 >2g/kg oral/rat), mild skin/eye irritant. Considered relatively environmentally benign.
In summary: Dimethyl glutarate is a linear C5-diester valued as a versatile monomer for polymers (especially polyester polyols) and a biodegradable solvent/intermediate in chemical synthesis and industrial applications.
*(Word count: 149 - Comprehensive version. See below for <100-word summary if needed.)*
<100-word Summary:
Dimethyl glutarate (C₇H₁₂O₄) is the dimethyl ester of glutaric acid. Its structure consists of a 5-carbon chain (–(CH₂)₃–) capped with methyl ester groups. This colorless liquid is primarily used as:
A key monomer for synthesizing polyester polyols, plastics, and plasticizers.
A biodegradable solvent in coatings and cleaners.
It offers low toxicity, mild odor, and good solvency. Valued in sustainable chemistry as a safer intermediate and solvent alternative.
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