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Xylotriose is a trisaccharide composed of three β-D-xylose molecules linked by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds. Derived from the breakdown of xylan (a plant hemicellulose) via enzymatic or chemical hydrolysis, it is water-soluble and resistant to human digestion, reaching the colon intact. As a key component of xylooligosaccharides (XOS), it acts as a prebiotic, promoting beneficial gut bacteria like Bifidobacteria. Industrially, it aids in biomass conversion for biofuels and serves as a substrate for enzyme studies (e.g., xylanases). It’s used in functional foods for gut health and low-calorie sweetening, bridging biotech applications and dietary benefits.
Xylotriose is a trisaccharide composed of three xylose molecules linked by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds, forming part of the xylooligosaccharides (XOS) family. Here's a detailed overview:
Components: Three β-D-xylopyranose units connected linearly via β(1→4) bonds.
Degree of Polymerization (DP): DP3 (three sugar units).
Reducing Sugar: Yes, with a free anomeric carbon on the terminal xylose unit.
Produced during the enzymatic or chemical hydrolysis of xylan (a hemicellulose in plant cell walls).
Generated by xylanases (enzymes that break xylan into shorter XOS fragments, including xylotriose).
Solubility: Water-soluble, like other xylooligosaccharides.
Stability: Resistant to digestion by human enzymes, allowing it to reach the colon intact.
Prebiotics:
Stimulates the growth of beneficial gut bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli).
Xylotriose (as part of XOS) is marketed for gut health and immune support.
Biofuel Production:
Substrate for microbial fermentation to produce biofuels (e.g., ethanol) or biochemicals.
Used to study enzymes (e.g., xylosidases) involved in biomass degradation.
Food Industry:
Low-calorie sweetener or dietary fiber additive in functional foods.
Research:
Model compound for studying xylanase/xylosidase enzyme specificity and kinetics.
Used to probe carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) in plant biomass deconstruction.
Biomass Utilization: Key intermediate in xylan degradation, critical for biorefineries converting agricultural waste (e.g., corn stover, rice husks) into value-added products.
Health Benefits: Longer-chain XOS (like xylotriose) may offer enhanced prebiotic effects compared to xylobiose (DP2).
Chain Length: Xylotriose (DP3) has one additional xylose unit compared to xylobiose (DP2).
Function: Longer chains may have distinct interactions with gut microbes or enzymes, influencing prebiotic efficacy and industrial processing.
In summary, xylotriose is a biologically and industrially relevant oligosaccharide, bridging plant biomass valorization and human health applications.
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