Name: China Supplier High Quality Glimepiride CAS 93479-97-1 with best price
Brand: Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co., Ltd.

Specifications of Glimepiride CAS 93479-97-1

Items	Specification	Result
Assay	≥99.5%	99.8%
Appearance	White to off-white crystalline powder	White crystalline powder
Melting point	203-209℃	203.3-204.8℃
Heavy metals	≤10ppm	<10ppm
Loss on drying	≤0.5%	0.07%
Residue on ignition	≤0.1%	0.07%

Parameters of Glimepiride CAS 93479-97-1

Product parameters
Cas number:	93479-97-1
Appearance:	White to off-white crystalline powder
Purity:	99.5%min
Package details:	1kg/bag with foil bag;25kg/drum
Brand:	Fortunachem

1. What is Glimepiride? (Chemical & Pharmacological Class)

Glimepiride is a synthetic, orally administered sulfonylurea drug. Chemically, it is a second-generation sulfonylurea, distinguished from earlier drugs in this class by its modified chemical structure, which gives it a longer duration of action and potentially improved safety profile.

Chemical Name: 1-[4-[2-(3-Ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyrroline-1-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonyl]-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)urea
Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₃₄N₄O₅S
Key Chemical Feature: Its structure contains a sulfonylurea bridge (-SO₂NHCONH-), which is essential for its activity. The attached lipophilic (fat-soluble) side groups (like the *p*-methylcyclohexyl moiety) are responsible for its high potency and prolonged effect.

2. Primary Use: Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Glimepiride is used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve blood sugar control in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It is not used for Type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Its core therapeutic goal is to lower elevated blood glucose levels.

3. Chemical/Pharmacological Mechanism of Action

Glimepiride's action is precise and receptor-mediated. Here’s how it works at the cellular and chemical level:

Step 1: Binding to the Pancreatic Beta-Cell
Glimepiride binds with high affinity to specific sulfonylurea receptors (SUR1) on the surface of pancreatic beta-cells. These receptors are part of the ATP-sensitive potassium (K⁺/ATP) channels.

Step 2: Closing Potassium Channels
In a hyperglycemic state, intracellular ATP levels rise in the beta-cell. Glimepiride binding potentiates the closure of the K⁺/ATP channels. This prevents potassium ions from leaving the cell.

Step 3: Cell Depolarization and Calcium Influx
The buildup of potassium ions inside the cell causes depolarization (a change in the electrical potential across the cell membrane). This depolarization opens voltage-dependent calcium (Ca²⁺) channels.

Step 4: Insulin Exocytosis
The influx of calcium ions acts as a potent intracellular signal, triggering the exocytosis of insulin-containing secretory granules. Glimepiride thus stimulates the pancreas to release more insulin.

Additional (Extrapancreatic) Effects:
Beyond insulin secretion, glimepiride is believed to have mild secondary effects:

Increased Peripheral Glucose Uptake: It may improve the sensitivity of muscle and fat cells to insulin.
Decreased Hepatic Glucose Production: It may reduce the liver's output of glucose.

4. Pharmacokinetics (The Body's Chemical Processing of the Drug)

Absorption: Completely absorbed from the GI tract. Food has a minimal effect on absorption but may slightly slow it down.
Metabolism: Primarily metabolized in the liver by the Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) enzyme. Its metabolites have only weak hypoglycemic activity.
Elimination: Excreted in both urine (≈60%) and feces (≈40%).
Half-life: Approximately 5–8 hours, but its blood-glucose-lowering effect lasts for about 24 hours, allowing for once-daily dosing.

5. Important Warnings & Chemical Interactions

Hypoglycemia: The most common and serious side effect. Risk is increased with skipped meals, excessive exercise, alcohol intake, or other glucose-lowering drugs.
Drug Interactions (Chemical/Pharmacokinetic):

Drugs that Increase Hypoglycemia Risk: Other antidiabetics, CYP2C9 inhibitors (e.g., fluconazole, amiodarone), beta-blockers, salicylates (e.g., aspirin), sulfonamide antibiotics.
Drugs that Decrease Efficacy (cause hyperglycemia): Thiazides, corticosteroids, thyroid products, CYP2C9 inducers (e.g., rifampin), estrogens, phenytoin.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas or sulfonamides, diabetic ketoacidosis, severe renal or hepatic impairment.

Summary in a Nutshell:

Aspect	Description
Chemical Class	Second-generation sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent.
Primary Use	Control of hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes.
Mechanism	Insulin secretagogue. Binds to SUR1 receptors on pancreatic beta-cells, closes K⁺/ATP channels, leading to calcium influx and insulin release.
Key Feature	Promotes endogenous insulin secretion; requires some residual pancreatic beta-cell function.

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes. Glimepiride is a prescription medication, and its use must be managed by a healthcare professional to balance efficacy with the risk of hypoglycemia and other side effects.