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Glyceryl monostearate (GMS) is a common food additive and emulsifier. It is produced from glycerol and stearic acid (a fatty acid), forming a molecule with both water- and fat-loving parts.
Its primary use is as an emulsifier, preventing oil and water from separating. This makes it essential for creating smooth, stable textures in:
Foods: Ice cream, bread, whipped toppings, and margarine.
Cosmetics: Creams and lotions.
Pharmaceuticals: As an excipient in tablets and ointments.
It also acts as a thickening agent and softener. In short, GMS is a versatile, safe ingredient crucial for the texture and shelf life of many everyday products.
Items | Specifications | Results |
Appearance | Powder, granules, and block solids | Powder granular solid |
Colour | Milky white, light yellow to yellow | Milk White |
Acid Value，mgKOH/g | ≤6.0 | 0.9 |
Iodine Value，gI2/100g | ≤3.0 | 0.9 |
Saponification, mgKOH/g | 160-185 | 171 |
(Pb)/Lead Value，mg/kg | ≤2.0 | not detected |
Mass spectrum | Ion peaks of 44,58 and their integer multiples | Pass |
Conclusion | The product conforms to the above specifications. | |
What it is: Glyceryl monostearate is a food additive and emulsifier made by reacting glycerol (glycerin) with stearic acid (a fatty acid). It is a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides, where the monoglyceride form is the most functionally active.
Key Properties: It appears as a white, waxy powder, beads, or flakes. It is amphiphilic, meaning it has both hydrophilic (water-loving) and lipophilic (fat-loving) parts, which gives it its primary function as an emulsifier.
Food Industry (Most Common Use):
Emulsifier: Prevents the separation of oil and water in products like bread, cakes, margarine, ice cream, whipped cream, and shortening.
Stabilizer & Thickener: Improves texture, volume, and shelf life. It gives ice cream a smooth, creamy consistency.
Anti-staling Agent: In baked goods, it helps retain moisture and softness.
Cosmetics & Personal Care:
Used in creams, lotions, and deodorants as an emulsifier, thickening agent, and opacifier. It creates a smooth, creamy texture and helps active ingredients penetrate the skin.
Pharmaceuticals:
Acts as a binder, lubricant, or solubilizing agent in pills and tablets. Also used in some topical medicinal creams.
Industrial Applications:
Used as a lubricant and release agent in plastic manufacturing.
In summary, GMS is a versatile, safe, and widely used emulsifier crucial for creating stable, smooth textures in countless food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products we use daily.
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