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Ammonium formate, chemical formula CH₅NO₂, CAS number 540-69-2, is an important organic compound. It has widespread applications in the fields of chemistry and biochemistry. This article will introduce the basic properties, main uses, synthesis methods, and precautions for the use of ammonium formate in detail.
Ammonium formate CAS 540-69-2 is a colorless crystalline solid with significant physical and chemical properties. Its density is 1.26 g/mL (25℃), boiling point is 100.6℃, and its melting point ranges between 119-121℃. Its molecular weight is 63.056, and the flash point is 29.9℃. Ammonium formate appears as a white solid, chemically stable, and easily soluble in water at room temperature. Its exact mass is 63.032028, and the LogP value is 0.66060. When storing ammonium formate, it should be kept sealed and dry to prevent it from reacting with moisture in the air.
Ammonium formate CAS 540-69-2 plays an important role in various fields:
Chemical reagent
In laboratories, ammonium formate is used as a buffer to regulate the acidity and basicity of solutions. It effectively maintains the acid-base balance of solutions, making it an indispensable reagent in various chemical experiments.
Organic synthesis
In organic synthesis, ammonium formate is used as a methylating agent, reducing agent, and catalyst. It plays an essential role in the reduction of aldehydes and ketones and the esterification of carboxylic acids, enhancing the efficiency of the reactions and the purity of the products.
Mass spectrometry analysis
Ammonium formate is commonly used as a protonating agent in mass spectrometry analysis. It helps improve the solubility and ionization effect of the sample, thereby enhancing the intensity and stability of the mass spectrometry signal.
Ammonium formate CAS 540-69-2 can be synthesized by the following two main methods:
Neutralization reaction
Formic acid and ammonia gas are neutralized at an appropriate temperature and pressure to obtain ammonium formate solution. Crystallization and drying steps are then performed to obtain solid ammonium formate. This is the most common method for preparing ammonium formate.
Ammonified formaldehyde method
First, formaldehyde reacts with ammonia gas under alkaline conditions to produce aminomethanol, which is then converted to ammonium formate through an acidification reaction. This method is also commonly used in industrial production.
When using ammonium formate CAS 540-69-2 , please pay attention to the following points:
Avoid inhalation
When handling ammonium formate, avoid inhaling its dust to prevent irritation or damage to the respiratory tract. Suitable protective equipment, such as masks, should be worn.
Avoid contact with skin and eyes
Ammonium formate solution is somewhat corrosive. When using it, wear protective gloves and goggles to prevent direct contact with skin and eyes.
Avoid mixing with hazardous substances
Ammonium formate should be kept away from oxidizing agents, strong acids, and similar substances to prevent vigorous reactions that could pose safety risks.
The principles for the transport and storage of ammonium formate CAS 540-69-2 are as follows:
Sealed packaging
Use sealed packaging to prevent ammonium formate from coming into contact with moisture and impurities in the air, thus maintaining its quality.
Moisture-proof and sun-proof
During transport and storage, prevent ammonium formate from being exposed to damp or direct sunlight environments to avoid moisture absorption, decomposition, or failure.
Store separately
Ammonium formate should be stored separately from other chemicals to avoid cross-contamination or adverse reactions.
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