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Lanthanum oxide is a white, inorganic compound and a key lanthanide material. Highly hygroscopic, it readily absorbs moisture and CO₂ from air, forming carbonates/hydroxides. It boasts an extremely high melting point (~2315°C).
Major Applications:
Optical Glasses: Critical for high-refractive-index, low-dispersion lenses (cameras, telescopes).
Electronics: Used in advanced capacitors, semiconductors (high-κ gate dielectrics like La-doped HfO₂), and fuel cells.
Catalysis: A component in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts for petroleum refining and automotive exhaust catalysts.
Ceramics/Glass: Enhances alkali resistance in specialty glasses and ceramics.
Lanthanum oxide (La₂O₃) is a white, inorganic compound composed of lanthanum (a rare-earth element) and oxygen. Key characteristics and uses include:
Properties: Hygroscopic powder (absorbs CO₂ and moisture from air, forming lanthanum carbonate/hydroxide), high melting point (~2315°C), basic nature.
Applications:
Optics: Essential in special optical glasses (camera lenses, telescopes) for high refractive index and low dispersion.
Catalysis: Used in petroleum refining (FCC catalysts) and automotive exhaust catalysts.
Electronics: Key dielectric material in capacitors and thin-film transistors (e.g., La₂O₃-doped HfO₂ for advanced semiconductor gate dielectrics).
Ceramics: Improves alkali resistance in glass and ceramic formulations.
Phosphors: Host material for phosphors in lighting and displays.
Handling: Requires protection from air/moisture; mildly irritating but not highly toxic.
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